Why India needs to fill the legal vacuum on social media shadow banning

Shadow banning of human rights commentators and journalists on social media infringes core tenets of our constitutional freedoms. Despite certain obligations under the IT Act and Rules, India’s regulatory regime does not yet address the opaque nature of this silent censorship.
Why India needs to fill the legal vacuum on social media shadow banning
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ONE DAY YOU ARE SPEAKING to thousands, your words shaping conversations and influencing opinions. The next day, it feels like you are speaking into an empty room. Your posts barely reach anyone, your followers stop engaging, and the silence is sudden and unsettling. You have broken no rules, yet it is as if your presence has been erased. 

This is the reality of shadow banning, an invisible mechanism that hides a person’s voice without prior notice, clear explanation, or the opportunity to appeal. In a world where social media has become the modern public square for journalists, activists, opposition party members, comedians, and influencers, this quiet silencing is more than a technical matter. It can strip away livelihoods, diminish influence, and erode the fundamental right to participate in public life. When platforms control who is heard and who is made invisible, the foundations of democracy itself are put at risk.

The lack of transparency and accountability in shadow banning has a particularly harsh impact on individuals whose livelihoods and public engagement depend on being seen online.
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